{"id":204372,"date":"2021-02-18T23:30:35","date_gmt":"2021-02-18T22:30:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.realites.com.tn\/?p=204372"},"modified":"2021-02-18T23:30:35","modified_gmt":"2021-02-18T22:30:35","slug":"le-robot-perserverance-se-pose-sur-mars-apres-sept-mois-de-voyage","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/realites.com.tn\/fr\/le-robot-perserverance-se-pose-sur-mars-apres-sept-mois-de-voyage\/","title":{"rendered":"Le robot Perserverance se pose sur Mars apr\u00e8s sept mois de voyage"},"content":{"rendered":"<div>Le rover Perseverance a atterri sur le sol martien apr\u00e8s sept mois de voyage, a annonc\u00e9 jeudi 18 f\u00e9vrier l&rsquo;agence spatiale am\u00e9ricaine, une r\u00e9ussite \u00e9clatante pour la Nasa qui marque le d\u00e9but d&rsquo;une mission de plusieurs ann\u00e9es.<\/div>\n<div>\u00ab\u00a0Atterrissage confirm\u00e9 !\u00a0\u00bb, s&rsquo;est exclam\u00e9e Swati Mohan, en charge du contr\u00f4le des op\u00e9rations. Dans la salle de contr\u00f4le du Jet Propulsion Laboratory, \u00e0 Pasadena en Californie, les \u00e9quipes pr\u00e9sentes ont explos\u00e9 de joie au moment de la confirmation.<\/div>\n<div>Le crat\u00e8re de Jezero, dont les scientifiques pensent qu&rsquo;il contenait il y a 3,5 milliards d&rsquo;ann\u00e9es un lac, \u00e9tait le site d&rsquo;atterrissage le plus p\u00e9rilleux jamais tent\u00e9 par la Nasa. Perseverance sera charg\u00e9 d&rsquo;y collecter des preuves de vie ancienne sur Mars.<\/div>\n<div>Apr\u00e8s \u00eatre entr\u00e9 dans l&rsquo;atmosph\u00e8re martienne \u00e0 20 000 km\/h, les frictions avec l&rsquo;air ont fait monter la temp\u00e9rature du vaisseau jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 1 300 \u00b0C. Le rover \u00e9tait prot\u00e9g\u00e9 par un bouclier thermique, qui n&rsquo;a \u00e9t\u00e9 largu\u00e9 qu&rsquo;apr\u00e8s l&rsquo;ouverture d&rsquo;un immense parachute supersonique. Huit r\u00e9trofus\u00e9es ont fini de le ralentir avant qu&rsquo;il ne d\u00e9ploie ses six roues, suspendu le long de c\u00e2bles jusqu&rsquo;au contact avec le sol.<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><strong>*Une future mission pour ramener sur Terre les pr\u00e9l\u00e8vements<\/strong><\/div>\n<div>Les \u00e9quipes de la Nasa vont passer les prochains jours \u00e0 v\u00e9rifier que le rover et ses nombreux \u00e9quipements de pointe n&rsquo;ont pas \u00e9t\u00e9 endommag\u00e9s et fonctionnent correctement.<\/div>\n<div>Plus grand et plus sophistiqu\u00e9 que ses pr\u00e9d\u00e9cesseurs, Perseverance est seulement le cinqui\u00e8me rover \u00e0 fouler le sol martien. Depuis le premier, en 1997, ils sont tous am\u00e9ricains, et l&rsquo;un d&rsquo;eux, Curiosity, est toujours en activit\u00e9 ailleurs sur la Plan\u00e8te rouge.<\/div>\n<div>Les premiers pr\u00e9l\u00e8vements de roche par Perseverance, dont la mission sur deux ans est \u00e9valu\u00e9e \u00e0 2,7 milliards de dollars, devraient commencer cet \u00e9t\u00e9. Les tubes scell\u00e9s devront ensuite \u00eatre rapport\u00e9s sur Terre par une future mission, dans les ann\u00e9es 2030, afin d&rsquo;\u00eatre analys\u00e9s.<\/div>\n<div>Les images de l&rsquo;arriv\u00e9e du robot sur Mars \u00e9taient retransmises en direct sur plusieurs plateformes : la cha\u00eene Dailymotion du CNRS, les cha\u00eenes YouTube et Twitch du Cnes, la cha\u00eene YouTube d&rsquo;Arte, et celle de la Cit\u00e9 des sciences et de l&rsquo;industrie, en partenariat avec l&rsquo;Observatoire de Paris-PSL, avec les \u00e9clairages de scientifiques et astronautes.<\/div>\n<div>Perseverance, le plus gros et le plus avanc\u00e9 des robots envoy\u00e9s sur la Plan\u00e8te rouge, est \u00e9quip\u00e9 d&rsquo;une cam\u00e9ra superpuissante, la SuperCam, mise au point par un consortium de laboratoires, dont l&rsquo;Institut de recherche en astrophysique et plan\u00e9tologie (IRAP) et le Cnes.<\/div>\n<div>Son but est d&rsquo;analyser le sol, de rechercher d&rsquo;\u00e9ventuelles traces de vie pass\u00e9e et d&rsquo;examiner la possibilit\u00e9 d&rsquo;une exploration humaine de Mars<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: right\">(France 24, avec AFP et Reuters)<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le rover Perseverance a atterri sur le sol martien apr\u00e8s sept mois de voyage, a annonc\u00e9 jeudi 18 f\u00e9vrier l&rsquo;agence spatiale am\u00e9ricaine, une r\u00e9ussite \u00e9clatante pour la Nasa qui marque&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":60,"featured_media":204373,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-204372","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-monde"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.3 - 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