{"id":208649,"date":"2021-04-10T20:31:54","date_gmt":"2021-04-10T19:31:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.realites.com.tn\/?p=208649"},"modified":"2021-04-10T20:31:54","modified_gmt":"2021-04-10T19:31:54","slug":"mars-premier-vol-imminent-pour-le-drone-ingenuity","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/realites.com.tn\/fr\/mars-premier-vol-imminent-pour-le-drone-ingenuity\/","title":{"rendered":"Mars : premier vol imminent pour le drone \u00ab Ingenuity \u00bb"},"content":{"rendered":"<div>C\u2019est l\u2019heure de v\u00e9rit\u00e9 : l\u2019h\u00e9licopt\u00e8re exp\u00e9rimental largu\u00e9 au sol par le robot \u00ab Perseverance \u00bb doit d\u00e9coller pour un test historique ! Explications.<\/div>\n<div>\u00a0La Nasa a l&rsquo;habitude de faire voler des appareils beaucoup plus gros, et pourtant, tous les yeux seront bient\u00f4t tourn\u00e9s vers le petit drone martien Ingenuity. Dans la nuit du dimanche 11 au lundi 12 avril, cet h\u00e9licopt\u00e8re exp\u00e9rimental doit accomplir un exploit historique : il va effectuer le premier vol contr\u00f4l\u00e9 d&rsquo;un objet humain sur un autre astre. Pour la premi\u00e8re fois, un appareil ne fera pas que tomber, il s&rsquo;orientera !<\/div>\n<div>Passager de la mission Mars 2020 et compagnon de voyage de Perseverance, qui l&rsquo;a d\u00e9pos\u00e9 sur le sol martien du crat\u00e8re Jezero avant de s&rsquo;en \u00e9loigner pour limiter les risques de collision, Ingenuity est un petit bijou de technologie. D\u00e9velopp\u00e9 ces derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es par une \u00e9quipe de quelques dizaines d&rsquo;ing\u00e9nieurs de la Nasa, ce drone de 50 cm de hauteur pour 1,2 m d&rsquo;envergure et 1,8 kg doit d\u00e9coller, malgr\u00e9 une densit\u00e9 d&rsquo;atmosph\u00e8re \u00e9quivalant \u00e0 1 % de celle de la Terre et, donc, une portance tr\u00e8s r\u00e9duite.<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><strong>*Bient\u00f4t un drone de reconnaissance pour Perseverance ?<\/strong><\/div>\n<div>Il dispose pour cela de deux \u00e9normes h\u00e9lices, qui sont contrarotatives pour compenser l&rsquo;effet de couple (avec une seule h\u00e9lice, l&rsquo;appareil a tendance \u00e0 tourner dans le sens inverse de celui de l&rsquo;h\u00e9lice) et ainsi s&rsquo;affranchir du besoin d&rsquo;un rotor de queue. Il est dot\u00e9 de panneaux solaires pour recharger ses batteries, qui lui servent \u00e0 voler, mais aussi \u00e0 maintenir une temp\u00e9rature de survie durant les nuits, extr\u00eamement froides sur Mars.<\/div>\n<div>L&rsquo;h\u00e9licopt\u00e8re ne sera pas contr\u00f4l\u00e9 en direct, comme un drone pourrait l&rsquo;\u00eatre sur Terre, car il y a trop de d\u00e9calage : une instruction met une vingtaine de minutes \u00e0 parvenir sur Mars ! Le plan de vol sera donc charg\u00e9 \u00e0 l&rsquo;avance dans l&rsquo;ordinateur de bord, qui suivra toutes les \u00e9tapes demand\u00e9es avant de se poser en toute autonomie et de confirmer la r\u00e9ussite (ou non) de l&rsquo;op\u00e9ration. Plac\u00e9 \u00e0 bonne distance, le rover Perseverance aura \u00e0 coup s\u00fbr ses cam\u00e9ras tourn\u00e9es vers sa petite abeille butineuse ! La Nasa doit tenir une conf\u00e9rence de presse lundi 12 avril \u00e0 8 h 30 (heure de Tunis) pour partager les r\u00e9sultats de ce premier vol exp\u00e9rimental, et la r\u00e9daction du Point vous en proposera bien s\u00fbr un d\u00e9cryptage imm\u00e9diat.<\/div>\n<div>\u00ab Ingenuity n&rsquo;est pas ins\u00e9r\u00e9 dans le plan op\u00e9rationnel du rover, mais connaissant la Nasa, je pense que s&rsquo;il fonctionne bien, il sera utilis\u00e9 tel un drone de reconnaissance ! \u00bb expliquait fin f\u00e9vrier Franck Montmessin, directeur de recherche au CNRS, au laboratoire atmosph\u00e8res, observations spatiales. Sa cam\u00e9ra peut envoyer des images haute d\u00e9finition et \u00e9viter au rover de s&rsquo;engager sur un chemin dangereux, ou d\u00e9tecter des roches int\u00e9ressantes dans un rayon plus large que son m\u00e2t et sa SuperCam, qui culmine \u00e0 2 m\u00e8tres.<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: right\">(Le Point)<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>C\u2019est l\u2019heure de v\u00e9rit\u00e9 : l\u2019h\u00e9licopt\u00e8re exp\u00e9rimental largu\u00e9 au sol par le robot \u00ab Perseverance \u00bb doit d\u00e9coller pour un test historique ! Explications. \u00a0La Nasa a l&rsquo;habitude de faire&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":60,"featured_media":208650,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-208649","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-monde"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Mars : premier vol imminent pour le drone \u00ab Ingenuity \u00bb - R\u00e9alit\u00e9s Magazine<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"C\u2019est l\u2019heure de v\u00e9rit\u00e9 : l\u2019h\u00e9licopt\u00e8re exp\u00e9rimental largu\u00e9 au sol par le robot \u00ab Perseverance \u00bb doit d\u00e9coller pour un test historique ! 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