{"id":340610,"date":"2024-12-13T11:21:44","date_gmt":"2024-12-13T10:21:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/realites.com.tn\/fr\/?p=340610"},"modified":"2024-12-13T11:21:44","modified_gmt":"2024-12-13T10:21:44","slug":"education-la-mesaventure-de-mzali","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/realites.com.tn\/fr\/education-la-mesaventure-de-mzali\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00c9ducation : La m\u00e9saventure de Mzali"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>En ces temps d\u2019inqui\u00e9tude, \u00e0 un moment o\u00f9 tout le corps enseignant est contest\u00e9, attaqu\u00e9, vilipend\u00e9, il est facile de dresser un r\u00e9quisitoire contre l\u2019\u00e9cole telle qu\u2019elle est g\u00e9r\u00e9e. Tout le monde se presse au chevet du \u00ab<em><i>corps malade<\/i><\/em>\u00bb. On ne compte plus les opinions sur un mod\u00e8le jug\u00e9 responsable de l\u2019explosion des catastrophes sociales. Bref, la seule querelle qui vaille en ce moment dans le pays porte sur les causes de l\u2019impasse dans laquelle s\u2019est enferm\u00e9e la politique \u00e9ducative. Mais les coups de pioche avaient commenc\u00e9 bien avant. Le d\u00e9bat sur l\u2019\u00e9ducation, preuves historiques \u00e0 l\u2019appui, n\u2019est pas n\u00e9 aujourd\u2019hui, il est depuis l\u2019ind\u00e9pendance consubstantiel \u00e0 notre pays, o\u00f9 le pouvoir central a toujours veill\u00e9 \u00e0 imposer ses r\u00e8gles et ses id\u00e9ologies. En 1957, le Pr\u00e9sident Bourguiba avait form\u00e9 une commission pour r\u00e9former l\u2019enseignement. Au sein de cette commission, deux courants \u00ab<em><i>id\u00e9ologiques<\/i><\/em>\u00bb s\u2019affrontaient : celui de Lamine Chebbi, Mohamed Bakir et Mohamed Mzali, qui d\u00e9fendaient l\u2019arabisation totale de l\u2019enseignement, et celui que d\u00e9fendaient Mahmoud Messa\u00e2di\u00a0et plusieurs jeunes intellectuels en pr\u00f4nant un bilinguisme renforc\u00e9. \u00ab\u00a0<em><i>L\u2019arbitrage de Bourguiba<\/i><\/em>, disait Mohamed Mzali dans ses m\u00e9moires, \u00ab<em><i>Un Premier ministre de Bourguiba t\u00e9moigne<\/i><\/em>\u00bb, <em><i>fut en faveur de cette deuxi\u00e8me option<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u00bb. Messa\u00e2di\u00a0fut, en cons\u00e9quence, nomm\u00e9 ministre de l\u2019Education nationale, le 8 mai 1958. Depuis, il n\u2019y a eu ni de grandes querelles ni de cruelles collisions d\u2019agendas. Jamais les protagonistes du dialogue sur la r\u00e9forme de l\u2019enseignement n\u2019ont \u00e9t\u00e9, \u00e0 cette \u00e9poque, aussi unanimes pour r\u00e9clamer un clap de fin sur cette question. Ce n\u2019est qu\u2019en 1976, lors d\u2019un troisi\u00e8me passage de Mohamed Mzali au minist\u00e8re de l\u2019\u00c9ducation nationale que tout a d\u00e9raill\u00e9, et nous voil\u00e0 face \u00e0 une arabisation b\u00eate, pesante, obstin\u00e9e et absurde o\u00f9 les int\u00e9gristes et les r\u00e9actionnaires sont satisfaits de leur ratage, ent\u00eat\u00e9s dans leur nullit\u00e9 et attach\u00e9s \u00e0 leur \u00ab<em><i>analphab\u00e9tisme bilingue<\/i><\/em>\u00a0!\u00a0\u00bb Plus cela rate, plus ils ont l\u2019espoir que leur politique marche. Aujourd\u2019hui, tous les Tunisiens sont unis dans leur rejet d\u2019un syst\u00e8me en bout de course, inchang\u00e9 depuis cinq d\u00e9cennies et qui a subi une \u00e9rosion inqui\u00e9tante, qui se manifeste dangereusement dans une d\u00e9linquance juv\u00e9nile galopante.<br \/>\nAu-del\u00e0 de ces m\u00e9contents qui entendent ne rien \u00ab<em><i>l\u00e2cher<\/i><\/em>\u00bb, au-del\u00e0 des violences sur fond d\u2019incivisme et d\u2019irrespect, la crise de l\u2019\u00e9cole a battu son plein, d\u00e9clenchant une controverse nationale sans pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent, car elle touche \u00e0 l\u2019essentiel : comment restaurer l\u2019autorit\u00e9 de l\u2019\u00e9cole dans un pays dont les fractures sociales n\u2019ont cess\u00e9 de se creuser, attisant frustrations et col\u00e8res ? Et comment y parvenir quand les enseignants sont l\u2019objet d\u2019une d\u00e9fiance abyssale ?<br \/>\nCette politique \u00e9ducative, instaur\u00e9e par Mohamed Mzali et renforc\u00e9e par quelques ministres de l\u2019Education pendant le r\u00e8gne de Ben Ali, d\u00e9liquescente aujourd\u2019hui, portait en elle, d\u00e8s sa naissance en 1976, les germes de son \u00e9chec. Il faut regarder les choses en face. Ce mod\u00e8le est \u00e9puis\u00e9, le bateau de l\u2019\u00e9cole ivre. La situation n\u2019a jamais \u00e9t\u00e9 aussi critique et la crise est \u00e9ducative autant que sociale. Cette tornade n\u2019a pas encore renvers\u00e9 d\u00e9finitivement la table dans la soci\u00e9t\u00e9, mais elle progresse partout autour de nous. La situation sera-t-elle propice \u00e0 la r\u00e9flexion sur le renouvellement d\u2019un mod\u00e8le d\u00e9faillant? On l\u2019esp\u00e8re, surtout qu\u2019il est impossible de continuer sur cette m\u00eame trajectoire sans qu\u2019on discerne les voies d\u2019un changement acceptable. Mais il faut reconna\u00eetre que r\u00e9former un syst\u00e8me v\u00e9tuste et d\u00e9labr\u00e9 ressemble aux travaux d\u2019Hercule. Il faut, \u00e0 la fois, beaucoup d\u2019\u00e9nergie et de patience pour y arriver et vaincre plusieurs obscurantistes religieux et linguistiques.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>En ces temps d\u2019inqui\u00e9tude, \u00e0 un moment o\u00f9 tout le corps enseignant est contest\u00e9, attaqu\u00e9, vilipend\u00e9, il est facile de dresser un r\u00e9quisitoire contre l\u2019\u00e9cole telle qu\u2019elle est g\u00e9r\u00e9e. Tout&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":101,"featured_media":166508,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-340610","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-opinions"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u00c9ducation : La m\u00e9saventure de Mzali - R\u00e9alit\u00e9s Magazine<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"En ces temps d\u2019inqui\u00e9tude, \u00e0 un moment o\u00f9 tout le corps enseignant est contest\u00e9, attaqu\u00e9, vilipend\u00e9, il est facile de dresser un r\u00e9quisitoire contre\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/realites.com.tn\/fr\/education-la-mesaventure-de-mzali\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u00c9ducation : La m\u00e9saventure de Mzali - 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